Scientists have successfully taken first ever picture of the shadow of a ຫຼຸມດໍາ providing direct observation of its immediate environment
Image taken from “EHTC, Akiyama K et al 2019, ‘First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive ຫຼຸມດໍາ‘, The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Vol. 875, no. L1.”
ການ super-masive ຮູ ດຳ were first predicted by Einstein in 1915 in his General Theory of Relativity when he showed gravity bends light. There have been many developments since then but never any direct evidence. Scientists were only able to detect them indirectly. The first real picture of the shadow of a super massive ຫຼຸມດໍາ has now been captured providing first direct evidence of their presence, thanks to ”The Horizon ກິດຈະກໍາ Telescope ການຮ່ວມມື”.
ໄດ້ ຮູ ດຳ are extremely compressed mass in a very small region. Its gravity is so high that nothing at all escapes if gets too close to its boundary. The Horizon ກິດຈະກໍາ is the boundary around the ຫຼຸມດໍາ that marks what is inside and what is outside. Once anything crosses this boundary, it gets swallowed and can never come out. ຮູດໍາ swallow all light therefore they are invisible and cannot be seen or pictured.
The intense gravity of ຫຼຸມດໍາ attracts and pulls interstellar gas onto itself faster and faster. This heats up the gas immensely and light radiation is emitted. These emissions are warped into a circular ring by the gravity of the ຫຼຸມດໍາ.
A ຫຼຸມດໍາ itself is invisible but its shadow against super-heated gas cloud around it could be pictured.
Black hole’s presence couldn’t be directly observed uptill now mainly due to the fact that ຮູ ດຳ are extremely small targets for the available ວິທະຍຸ telescopes which were not capable enough to observe their event horizon. Observing ຮູ ດຳ directly needed building an ingenious telescope virtually the size of Earth.
It took about a decade to organise a network of telescopes called the ”Event Horizon Telescope” spanning the face of the Earth which combined eight separate telescopes in Mexico, Arizona, Hawaii, Chile and South Pole. All eight dishes of the telescope needed to be linked and pointed towards the ຫຼຸມດໍາ at exactly the same time. The signals received by the telescopes were combined by a correlator (a super computer) to give an image of the event horizon of the ຫຼຸມດໍາ.
ຄວາມສໍາເລັດຂອງການທົດລອງນີ້ແມ່ນຄວາມກ້າວຫນ້າທີ່ສໍາຄັນໃນດາລາສາດ.
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{ທ່ານສາມາດອ່ານເອກະສານການຄົ້ນຄວ້າຕົ້ນສະບັບໄດ້ໂດຍການຄລິກທີ່ລິ້ງ DOI ທີ່ໃຫ້ໄວ້ຂ້າງລຸ່ມນີ້ໃນລາຍຊື່ແຫຼ່ງທີ່ອ້າງອີງ}
ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນ (s)
1. EHTC, Akiyama K et al 2019. ຜົນໄດ້ຮັບຈາກກ້ອງວົງຈອນປິດ Horizon ເຫດການ M87 ທຳອິດ. I. ເງົາຂອງຂຸມດຳມະຫາສານ'. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 875(L1) https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab0ec7
2. Max Planck Institute for ວິທະຍຸ Astronomy, 2019. First-ever picture of a black hole. Retrieved from https://www.mpg.de/13337404/first-ever-picture-of-black-hole
3. BlackHoleCam, 2019. IMAGING the EVENT HORIZON of BLACK HOLES, ຖອດຖອນມາຈາກ https://blackholecam.org/
4. ຄະນະກຳມາທິການເອີຣົບ - ຖະແຫຼງຂ່າວ, ປີ 2019. ນັກວິທະຍາສາດທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບທຶນຈາກສະຫະພາບຢູໂຣບ ເປີດເຜີຍຮູບຮູດຳເປັນຄັ້ງທຳອິດ. ດຶງມາຈາກ http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-19-2053_en.htm
