ໂຄງການ Proteome ຂອງມະນຸດ (HPP): Blueprint ກວມເອົາ 90.4% ຂອງໂປຣຕີນຂອງມະນຸດອອກ

ມະນຸດ Proteome Project (HPP) was launched in 2010 after successful completion of ມະນຸດ Genome Project (HGP) to identify, characterise and map ມະນຸດ proteome (the entire set of proteins expressed by the ມະນຸດ genome). On its tenth anniversary, HPP has released the first high-stringency blueprint that covers 90.4% of the ມະນຸດ proteome. As the code of life, this milestone has very significant implications for ມະນຸດ health and therapeutics.   

ແລ້ວສົມບູນໃນ 2003, ມະນຸດ Genome Project (HGP) was an international collaboration set up in 1990 with an aim to identify the complete set of ມະນຸດ genes and to determine the complete sequence of DNA bases in the ມະນຸດ genome. On January 15, 2001, HGP had released initial sequence and analysis of the ມະນຸດ genome. Identifying, characterizing and mapping of ມະນຸດ proteome (entire complement of proteins coded by the genome) was the next logical step. Therefore, ມະນຸດ Proteome Organization (HUPO) was formed on February 9, 2001 to promote proteomics research. On September 23, 2010 HUPO officially launched ມະນຸດ Proteome Project (HPP) with an aim to prepare a blueprint of the ມະນຸດ proteome ^(1​).  

ການວິເຄາະຂອງ ມະນຸດ genome predicts around 20,300 protein-coding genes. The entire set of proteins coded by these genes constitute the ‘ມະນຸດ proteome’. ມະນຸດ proteome is much larger than ‘human genome’ because one gene can be expressed in range of forms (proteoforms) as a result of chemical modifications during and after translation. It is estimated that a million proteoforms may coexist in a single individual. In 2010, at the start of HPP, barely 70% of the proteins predicted by the genome analysis were identified. The agenda of the proteome project was to fill this knowledge gap. With the advances in technology, it has become possible to detect and quantify proteins and their forms with higher precision. Still, there are a good number of missing proteins (ທາດໂປຼຕີນ ຄາດຄະເນໂດຍການວິເຄາະ genome, ແຕ່ຍັງບໍ່ກວດພົບ) ^(2,3​). ໂຄງການຍັງດໍາເນີນຢູ່; ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ, ໄດ້ບັນລຸຈຸດສໍາຄັນ. 

ໃນວັນທີ 16 ເດືອນຕຸລາປີ 2020 ໃນວັນຄົບຮອບສິບປີຂອງຕົນ, HPP ໄດ້ເປີດເຜີຍແຜນຜັງທີ່ມີຄວາມເຂັ້ມງວດສູງຄັ້ງທໍາອິດທີ່ກວມເອົາ 90.4% ຂອງທາດໂປຼຕີນຈາກມະນຸດ. ^(1​). ນີ້ຢ່າງຫຼວງຫຼາຍປັບປຸງຄວາມຮູ້ຂອງພວກເຮົາກ່ຽວກັບຊີວະສາດຂອງມະນຸດແລະຄວາມເຂົ້າໃຈກ່ຽວກັບກົນໄກໂມເລກຸນໃນລະດັບຈຸລັງແລະໂມເລກຸນ, ໂດຍສະເພາະແມ່ນບົດບາດຂອງ proteome ຂອງມະນຸດທີ່ນໍາໄປສູ່ການປະຕິບັດການຄົ້ນຄວ້າແລະການພັດທະນາການວິນິດໄສແລະການປິ່ນປົວສໍາລັບມະເຮັງ, cardiovascular ແລະພະຍາດຕິດຕໍ່ໂດຍສະເພາະສໍາລັບສ່ວນບຸກຄົນແລະ. ຢາທີ່ຊັດເຈນ ^(4​). 

ການ​ພັດ​ທະ​ນາ​ຂອງ​ມະ​ນຸດ​ ທາດໂປຼຕີນ Atlas ນໍາສະເຫນີຄວາມຄືບຫນ້າທີ່ສໍາຄັນຫຼາຍສໍາລັບການຄົ້ນຄວ້າຕື່ມອີກໃນຂົງເຂດການວິນິດໄສແລະການປິ່ນປົວຂອງມະນຸດ ^(5,6​).  

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ເອກະສານ:

1. HUPO 2021. ໄລຍະເວລາ Proteomics. ມີໃຫ້ໃນ https://hupo.org/Proteomics-Timeline.  

2. neXtProt 2021. ໂປຣຕີນຂອງມະນຸດ. ມີໃຫ້ອອນໄລນ໌ຢູ່ https://www.nextprot.org/about/human-proteome ເຂົ້າໃຊ້ໃນວັນທີ 30 ທັນວາ 2020. 

3. Inserm, 2020. Proteomics: ລະຫັດຊີວິດທີ່ແປໄດ້ຫຼາຍກວ່າ 90%. ປະກາດເມື່ອ 07 ທັນວາ 2020. ມີຈຳໜ່າຍແລ້ວທີ່ https://www.inserm.fr/actualites-et-evenements/actualites/proteomique-code-vie-traduit-plus-90 ເຂົ້າໃຊ້ໃນວັນທີ 30 ທັນວາ 2020.  

4. Adhikari, S., Nice, EC, Deutsch, EW et al. 2020. ແຜນຜັງທີ່ມີຄວາມເຂັ້ມງວດສູງຂອງ proteome ຂອງມະນຸດ. ຈັດພີມມາ: 16 ຕຸລາ 2020. Nature Communication 11, 5301 (2020). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19045-9  

5. Digre A., ແລະ Lindskog C., 2020. The Human Protein Atlas – ການສ້າງພື້ນທີ່ຂອງໂປຣຕີນຂອງມະນຸດໃນດ້ານສຸຂະພາບ ແລະພະຍາດ. ວິທະຍາສາດໂປຣຕີນ ສະບັບທີ 30, ສະບັບທີ 1. ຈັດພີມມາຄັ້ງທຳອິດ: 04 ພະຈິກ 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pro.3987  

6. The Human Protein Atlas 2020. Human Protein Atlas ມີໃຫ້ອອນໄລນ໌ຢູ່ https://www.proteinatlas.org/about ເຂົ້າໃຊ້ໃນວັນທີ 30 ທັນວາ 2020. 

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